Victory Day, known as "Zafer Bayramı" in Turkish, is a significant national holiday in Turkey that commemorates the key military victories that shaped the country's modern history. This day is celebrated to honor the Turkish military's achievements during the Turkish War of Independence (1919-1923) under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey. 
Victory Day primarily commemorates two crucial battles during the Turkish War of Independence:
Victory Day is not only a day of commemoration but also a time for Turkish citizens to come together and express their patriotism and pride in their country's history and achievements. It serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made during the Turkish War of Independence and the resilience of the Turkish people in their pursuit of freedom and sovereignty.
Victory Day primarily commemorates two crucial battles during the Turkish War of Independence:
- The Battle of Dumlupınar (August 30, 1922): This battle marked the final offensive against Greek forces and resulted in a decisive Turkish victory, essentially ending foreign occupation.
- The Liberation of İzmir (September 9, 1922): İzmir, a significant city on the western coast of Turkey, was liberated from Greek occupation on this day.
- August 30: This date marks the victory at the Battle of Dumlupınar.
- September 9: This date commemorates the Liberation of İzmir.
- Official Ceremonies: The day begins with official ceremonies attended by government officials, military leaders, and the public. These ceremonies often include speeches, wreath-laying ceremonies at monuments and graves of war heroes, and military parades.
- Fireworks: In the evening, spectacular fireworks displays are held in major cities across Turkey, lighting up the sky in celebration.
- Flag Displays: Turkish flags are prominently displayed on government buildings, homes, and public places. Many people wear clothing with the Turkish flag or patriotic colors.
- Music and Festivals: Patriotic songs and traditional Turkish music are performed during celebrations. Cultural festivals featuring traditional dances and performances are also organized.
- Veteran Tributes: Veterans of the Turkish War of Independence are honored on Victory Day. Parades often include veterans who are celebrated for their contributions to the nation's independence.
- Public Gatherings: Many people gather in city centers and public squares to celebrate the holiday together. It's a time for families and friends to come together and reflect on the significance of the day.
- Military Demonstrations: The Turkish Armed Forces often perform military demonstrations and drills as a show of strength during Victory Day celebrations.
- Educational Activities: In schools, teachers and students engage in educational activities related to the history and significance of Victory Day. Special lessons, projects, and presentations are common.
- Public Services: Some public services, like public transportation, may be free or discounted on Victory Day to encourage participation in celebrations.
Victory Day is not only a day of commemoration but also a time for Turkish citizens to come together and express their patriotism and pride in their country's history and achievements. It serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made during the Turkish War of Independence and the resilience of the Turkish people in their pursuit of freedom and sovereignty.